Business Law Cases free essay sample

The case presented here falls under the doctrine of Contract Act, 1872 and especially under the provisions regarding breach and remedies for breach of a contract. When the rights and responsibilities arising out of a contract are extinguished, the contract is said to be dissolved or terminated. A contract may be dissolved in any of the following ways: 1. By Agreement: A contract can be terminated by an agreement between the same parties who entered into the contract with mutual agreement. 2. By Performance: As the parties into the contract complete performance of their shares of promises a contract in terminated. 3. By Frustration: A contract can be terminated by the impossibility in the fulfillment of the purpose of the parties in entering into a contract. 4. By Breach: When a contract is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other partys performance. 5. By Operation on Law: Discharge of a contract by operation of law may occur by merger, by insolvency or by alteration of the written document. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Law Cases or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the case in concern, Nike (BD) Ltd. enters into a contract with Sunshine Fabrics for supply of 50,000 pcs of T-shirt as per sample and design. One of the provision/ stipulation of the said contract was that-â€Å"the Sunshine Fabrics would not sell to his other customers for a period of 2 years any T-shirt of the same design and description†. Eventually the said design T-shirt (of Nike) became very popular in Bangladesh and, many retail shops show keen interest to buy them at higher price and as such, Sunshine Fabrics started selling them to different shops ignoring their contract with Nike (BD) Ltd. This is a clear case of breach of contract. A breach of contract is failure to perform as stated in the contract. When a contract is broken the party who suffers on account of it has one or other of the following remedies: 1. Damage: Damages are moneytary compensation allowed to the injured party for the loss or injury suffered by him as a result of the brach of contract. 2. Specific Performance: Specific performance means the actual carrying out of the contract as agreed. 3. Injunction : Injunction is an order of a court restraining a person from doing a particular act. It is a mode of securing the specific performance of the negetive terms of a contrct. 4. Cancellation of the instrument: When there is a breach of contract by one party, the other party may rescind the contract and need not perform his part of obligations under the contract. 5. Rectification of the instrument: When through fraud or mutual mistake of the parties a contract or other instrument in writing does not truly express their intention; either party or his representative in interest may institute a suit to have the instrument rectified. In the case personated Nike (BD) Ltd. s the party who is the sufferer of the breach of contract. Along with damage, Nike (BD) Ltd. can also file a suit for injunction and cancellation of the instrument. The fundamental principle underlying damages is not punishment but compensation. By awarding damages the court aims to put the injured party into the position in which he would have been, had there been performance and not breach, and not to punish the defaulter party. As a general rule, â€Å"compensation must be commensurate with the injury or loss sustained, arising naturally from the breach. Where the party has suffered no damage on account of the breach, the court may still award him nominal damages in recognition of his right. In this case, Nike (BD) Ltd. has suffered an actual loss which arose in the usual course of things from the breach. Thus Nike can claim substantial damage to compensate its suffering. Injunction is a discretionary remedy of the Court. An injunction may be temporary or perpetual. Where a party is in breach of negative term of a contract, the court may, by issuing an injunction, restrain him from doing from what it is promised not to do. Thus injunction is a preventive relief. Since in this case, Sunshine Fabrics is doing an act (selling T-shirts of the particular design) which it promised not to do Nike (BD) Ltd. can file a suit claiming injunction. Along with claiming damages and injunction Nike (BD) Ltd. can also apply for cancellation of the instrument. If one or more of the major provisions of a contract is broken the party suffering from it can apply for cancellation of the instrument. If one or more of the minor provisions is broken the sufferer party can apply for damages but not cancellation of the instrument. In this case Sunshine Fabrics has broken a major provision of the contract. So, Nike (BD) Ltd. can apply for cancellation of the instrument. In reply of Nike (BD) Ltd. ’s legal notice Sunshine Fabrics asserts that the contract which they signed with Nike (BD) Ltd. is, in fact, void, in as much as, the same is in restraint of trade. Sunshine Fabric’s assertion is however unjustified. The agreement stating -â€Å"the Sunshine Fabrics would not sell to his other customers for a period of 2 years any T-shirt of the same design and description† is not in restraint of trade rather merely â€Å"restraining freedom of action†. Thus we can conclude that, every thing else being equal, the case is in very much favor of Nike (BD) Ltd. Sunshine Fabric’s claim of the contract’s being â€Å"void† has no legal grounds. However, if Sunshine Fabrics can anyway prove that its agreement of not selling any T-shirt of the same description to its other customers for a period of 2 years was a minor provision of the contract, Nike (BD) would not be able to cancel the contract but still would be awarded damage and, on the Court’s discretion, injunction.

The Thin Red Line is a film about World War two on an island called Guadalcanal Essays

The Thin Red Line is a film about World War two on an island called Guadalcanal Essays The Thin Red Line is a film about World War two on an island called Guadalcanal Essay The Thin Red Line is a film about World War two on an island called Guadalcanal Essay Essay Topic: Call of the Wild The Thin Red Line is a film about World War two on an island called Guadalcanal. The American troops have discovered a Japanese air base and have come to the island for war. The movie starts with Jim Caviezel, staring as Private Witt, and a nameless soldier co-operating with the islanders. From there they are found by the American soldiers whilst being on AWOL. They are then re-recruited and sent to war. I believe that the plot is well put together, fast-paced and has many different representations, which makes the movie brilliant. The first ten minutes of the film include many links from image sound and theme. Malick uses these ten minutes to give a visual representation of the calm and tranquil nature of the island before war attempting to make you feel like you are there. He does this with the links of image, sound and theme as it really brings the film to life. After the first ten minutes he brings war to the film. This contradicts the former peaceful mood and now turns the oasis of gentle surrounding to a more exciting and careful feeling. This is because of the situations where care is needed in the film for example where the Americans need to creep up the hillside, making sure that they are not seen. In the first ten minutes of the film, there are three critical scenes I have chosen, as they all show great links between image, sound and theme. The first scene shows Private Witts nameless companion in a medium close up camera shot whilst handling a wild, tropical bird. There is a strong image and theme link here with the man and bird representing a strong relationship between mankind and nature and an even deeper link into equality as the wild bird is interacting with an American soldier, not just the native islanders. Showing us that Terence Malick is trying to get the message across that anyone can have a relationship; there is potential, people just need to make the effort. The film shows that freedom is possible and that is what they are fighting for. The sounds in this scene, so far, are diagetic. Malick does this so that we hear the same sounds as the soldiers, from there we empathise with the soldiers and there is a close relationship between us which allows us to see that all of the soldiers are individuals and have their own opinions on the war at hand and the sounds and environment around them. The peace and beautiful nature around the soldiers gets destroyed by the war and the peaceful nature of the natives is also destroyed by the guns. This shows Malicks views on war as a force that destroys equality between mankind and nature and destroys peace on earth. Another scene is where Private Witt is talking to a native islander about her baby. The conversation starts with less trust, the baby is afraid of the unknown an there is no background music. The long camera shot shows that the conversation is unfamiliar for both cultures. The native then begins to laugh as she becomes familiar to Witt, the calm music returns as the familiar, joyful relationships return. The camera shot turns to an over-the-shoulder shot representing the, now, intimate relationship between the native and Private Witt, formerly the camera was a long-range, two-person shot giving a sense of seclusion as if we are not in the conversation. The growing relationship between the native and Private Witt shows a contrast between black and white cultures, how opposites can work together for happiness and how different races have a lot in common. In contrast to the relationship between cultures, the soldiers are white skinned but have a black nature; they have a dark and evil reason for being where they are. The native has black skin but has a white nature as she is clean living, there are no problems. This could represent Malicks thoughts on war as well, with him believing that war has a dark and evil nature. I think that he has used an excellent situation and has an excellent perspective on war. An important moment in those first ten minutes is when the native boy is holding shellfish in the safety of the palms of his hands. Malick wants us to concentrate on the shellfish in the hands; he does this by using and over the shoulder shot and Hans Zimmer excludes all music. I think he uses the over-the-shoulder shot so that by not seeing the boys expressions we can only look at the image on screen and see the shellfish in the boys hands. The shellfish in the boys hands represents that the shellfish are safe, which is a link of image and theme to the safety on the island. It is also another image that shows the harmonic relationship between mankind and nature. There is freedom in the safety of the shellfish and freedom is what is being fought for, also it, again, links to larger points like how the beautiful nature gets destroyed and the peace shown will get destroyed by guns later on in the film. Another link between image, sound and theme is that the islanders hold peaceful, quiet shellfish safe in their hands whilst the soldiers hold loud, destructive guns and they are constantly in danger. Here Malick is representing his views on war by showing how war means the participants are constantly in danger and may also bring destruction. As a conclusion I believe that Terence Malick starts the film with the opening sequence on the island to show us his views on war and how it is a destructive force with a dark nature, its participants are constantly in danger and it brings horror to mankind; destroying equality and peace.

The production and the sales of cigarettes should be made illegal Research Paper

The production and the sales of cigarettes should be made illegal - Research Paper Example It is harmful is many different ways. There is nothing positive and healthy about smoking cigarettes. A lot of people around the world are now strongly addicted to smoking and considering the side-effects and long term impacts of cigarette smoking, many people want to quit their habit. Everybody has learned from the very early stage of their life that smoking is injurious to health but not everyone knows the gravity of its effects. People who smoke are not even well-aware of the damage they are causing to their health. According to Casey Holley, â€Å"Smoking cigarettes affects almost every aspect of a smoker's life. Every internal organ is affected by smoking. Many of the effects of smoking are at least partially reversible if the smoker quits smoking†. According to a report published by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it has been estimated that 443,000 each year are caused due to the side effects of smoking. According to the report, â€Å"Smoking causes an estim ated 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men and 80% of all lung cancer deaths in women.† As a result, it should be understood by the smokers that how much loss they are causing to their health. Still we cannot impose a ban on the production and sales of cigarettes because the choice of smoking is solely an individual’s choice for his own health. ... On the other hand, comparing the adverse effects of smoking with alcohol addiction, it can be analyzed that alcohol has been found with more grave and intense side-effects. It not only affects the health but it also causes threat to the lives of many innocent people around. A cigarette smoker may cause harm to its environment, his own health and also, he may effects the health of the other person but at the same time, while smoking in an open environment may restrict him from causing damage to the other person’s health. But alcohol can directly affect the lives of many people. For example, individuals who drink and drive are risking the lives of other people than those who smoke and drive. Alcohol consumers have an unstable family life than those who are intensely addicted to smoking. Similarly, no cigarette smoker can sexually abuse or harass and even, kill a person under the influence of cigarette; however, many cases have been observed where the person has killed, raped or physically abused a person under the influence of alcohol. According to Chris Hawkey (2009), thousands of people die annually due to alcohol-related diseases as compared to cigarettes. Alcohol not only destroys an individual’s health but it also dismantles his self-esteem and dignity. If restricting or banning advertising of cigarettes can be banned then a same rule should be applied on the advertising of alcohol. In some parts of the world including France, a strict ban has been imposed on alcohol advertising. However, in other parts of the world, advertising of cigarettes is considered as an impending threat which can influence the young teenagers and other people to smoke but no one, considers the compelling ads of

Nokia HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Nokia HR - Essay Example Change in fact, is one of the mostly viewed elements for corporate success (Manfred and Vries 7). Apple for instance initiated social and economic change, which has become prior to its actual leadership in its industry and its actual redefinition of the digital age by its visionary leader, Steven P. Jobs (Markoff). With this move, the company is consistently alert to find out what their competitors are doing in order to protect its competitive advantage (McQuillen). Change remains constant in this world. Believe it or not, we need to change, either for the best or the other way around. The person in front of you today is convinced and is compelled to choose the former. We need to change for good! Look around you, and you will be able to see major changes in our industry. Where do you find us now? Are we heading towards the advancements or are we much left behind by our competitors? Where do we hold our competitive advantage? Ladies and gentlemen, a pleasant day to all! Nokia is one of the dream companies your new CEO hoped to work for before. And it is now a dream come true, but there are still many things left unfulfilled in that dream, for there is a need to involve you in it. Yes, you heard it. Your new CEO would not be able to completely achieve that dream without you. So starting today, let us dream together, and be part of what we must envision as the dream company in the future. It is not impossible to make Nokia that way. With all of you whom your CEO believes to be elemental in the achievement of that dream, together we can make things possible and once again, we could prove to this industry that we have something competitive enough within us that could remarkably spark for change. Technological advancement is imminent. We cannot completely hold our competitors to stop them from investing in technological advancements and changes. They are innovating possibilities, as they try to create needs for their actual product and

HRM INCIDENT 1 - Should He Be Fired Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HRM INCIDENT 1 - Should He Be Fired - Case Study Example There are certain situations that an employer needs critically to evaluate before deciding whether to fire or discipline an employee (Paetkau, 2007). Firing an employee means that an employee has to leave his or her job, while disciplining might mean suspending the employee with or without pay or resorting to corrective action based on the offence. Toni Berdit, area supervisor for Quick-Stop, a chain of convenience stores in Washington D.C was on his normal supervisory duty on one of the Sundays in the Center Street Store. According to the company’s policy, when the safe is being emptied, the manager has to be present, and the employee present has to place each $ 1000 in a brown bag and leave it on the floor next to the safe until the manager checks to be sure that the amount is accurate. That day Bill decided to save the supervisor’s time, as he was not there when the safe was being emptied; so he had counted the money before he arrived. The store got busy, and Bill accidentally mistook one of the moneybags for a bag that contained the customer’s groceries while packing, so he put the money in with the groceries. The supervisor arrived later on, and after noticing the money was missing, they began searching. Lucky enough the customer came back and handed the bag of money. Bill had violated the money-count ing procedure, so he was prior to losing his job. He complained to Toni how this would have a bad impact on his family and even promised to be the best store manager they could ever get in case he’s not fired. Toni then called his boss and after his approval, Bill was not fired. I agree with Toni’s decision of not firing Bill. This is because although the company’s policy was to terminate anyone who violated the procedure, it happened once and for the first time. Firing employees is not healthy for an organization because if Bill were fired, the company would have been forced to

Themes in Year of Wonders by Geraldine Brooks

Themes in Year of Wonders by Geraldine Brooks GERALDINE BROOKS USES A FULL RANGE OF NARRATIVE DEVICES TO PRESENT A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE ON A NUMBER OF THEMES. EXPLAIN HOW THE NOVELIST DEVELOPS ONE MAJOR THEME. INCORPORATE DIRECT EVIDENCE FROM THE TEXT TO SUPPORT YOUR DISCUSSION Year of Wonders, written by Geraldine Brooks, follows the inspirational tale of the poor widow Anne Frith, and the Plague that ravaged Eyam in 1665, bringing catastrophe and chaos into the fragile society. In times of calamity, Brooks explores what is true about adversity and how it brings out the best and worst of human nature. She does so by providing readers with a unique narrative structure, various symbolic icons, and a young, perceptive protagonist. According to Brooks, the distressing rapidity at which the Plague is decimating the citizens of Eyam proves how adversity induces the worst of human behaviour. Within the carefully established sociocultural setting, the novelist presents us with a wide array of characters to reveal how, in the face of explicable loss, grief and fear, society resorts to appalling behaviour, especially scapegoating. The enraged Lib Hancock, Mary Hadfield and John Gordon, are seen brutally attacking Mem Gowdie and murdering Anys. Their false accusations, claiming that these women were witches, goes on to prove that Eyams midwife healers are the symbols of the human tendency to blame. As the devastation of the Plague progresses, the author observes how people become opportunistic, and acquisitively prey on others and manipulate them in their state of misery and suffering. This is undoubtedly evident through the actions of Josiah Bont, who consumed by greed and selfishness, exploits those around him by di gging graves and burying the dead for an extremely exorbitant price. By capitalising from loss of others and extorting materials, Josiah is an emblematic character. Furthermore, the narratives climax provides exposure of how some people become delusional and begin to claim their own authority, whilst taking advantage of the crisis. Reverend Mompellion appears to confront the Plague with immense courage and an overwhelming sense of responsibility, convincing the villagers to quarantine themselves and see it as God invitation for them to improve. Yet, a proleptic re-reading of his ways and actions illustrate his increasing sense of Christ-likeness, with the power to command God himself: Omnipotent God . . . bow down Thine ear to our request, and let Thine eye look upon the miseries of Thy people (pg. 86). Against this backdrop, Brooks asserts that there are those who, in the face of extreme adversity, refuse to let negativity to take hold of them, and instead opt to rise to the situation. With the death of the village midwives, Mem and Anys Gowdie, Anna is called to assist with the delivery of Mary Daniels baby. Through this situation, the author provocativelyhighlights the contrast of life and death, as Anna successfully delivers a healthy baby albeit being reluctant at first: In that season of death, they celebrated a life. Soon after, struck by the despair of her empty house, Anna takes the stolen phial of poppy and consumes it, as she held her only chance of exit from the village and its agonies (pg. 158). However, upon unexpectedly meeting Elinor at the Gowdies cottage, guilt-ridden Anna admits her sin, and throws the remaining poppy into the fire. The writer eloquently uses the symbol of the poppy, to exemplify the rejection of slumber, in favour of a life devoted to tending to the suffering, and seeking to develop a cure for the Plague. In doing so, Anna is also defying the social norms of the time, wherein she learns how to read by studying with Elinor things women of her status would never achieve. Overall, Brooks astoundingly exposes the tremendous sense of strength, resilience and altruism demonstrated by Anna and Elinor, all whilst empowering the reader and endorsing the strength of women. In the end, adversity, as portrayed by Brooks is a predictable and inevitable part of life. After overcoming the numerous hardships and suffering, Anna comes to accept the Plague as a natures way. The natural cycles of birth, growth and death, can be associated with the cyclical narrative structure, which generates tension within the reader. The novel commences in autumn an important symbol, signifying a period of harvest and fruition. Contrastingly, it is also a season of death and leaf fall, and a pivotal time wherein the reader comprehends the stories structure. Furthermore, as the Plague begins to subside in Eyam, Anna experiences a major transformation. By the means of her relationship with the Mompellions and her exposure to the extremities brought by the Plague, readers are able to witness the intellectual and emotional growth she undergoes. Through Anna, the author substantiates that humanity can triumph over adversity through self-sacrifice, love, friendship and optimism, b y making the best of her deplorable circumstance and looking beyond the preconceptions and misapprehensions of the time. Moreover, Anna escapes the confines of Eyam and begins a new life in Oran stating that it seemed good to me to sever every tie that bound me to my old life. Consequently, under the protection, attained through her marriage with the renowned doctor, Ahmed Bey, and the haven of her hijab, Anna is able to continue her crusade.She becomes a doctor, scholar and mother whose profound compassion and abilities denote her as a woman of independence and strength. Year of wonders, examines the diverse responses adversity invokes in people, and the positive and negative responses they exhibit as a result. As the trajectories of the horrendous Plague, afflicts the entire village of Eyam, Anna Frith transpires as an unforeseen healer and heroine, proving that her year of tragedy and catastrophe evolved to become a year of wonders.

Monkey, the Novel Essay -- parallels Monkey humans

Monkey, the Novel  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Monkey is created by the author as an individual entity that resembles the characteristic of an ordinary human being. It is quite obvious that the audience would better understand the idea hidden in the literature if the characteristics of the protagonist are closely related to those of the reader. In Monkey , the author carefully parallels the traits of Monkey to the lives of human beings. Then why does the author portray so much resemblance between Monkey and human? The author’s approach in attracting the audience by using symbolism successfully accomplishes the intention in the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All humans feel a need, a hunger for the things that benefit their way of living. Monkey easily symbolizes many ordinary humans in this world. Monkey’s life represents a journey that reflects the lives of most human beings. From the beginning of the novel, Monkey expresses hunger that is overpowered by greed. Similar to human beings,Monkey first seeks knowledge, then power, and finally enlightenment. Monkey’s arrogance brought by greed is displayed when he proclaims, â€Å"why do you not bow down to me as your king?'; . Monkey’s desire to acquire more than the apparent limit is more understandable to the audience, because human beings are able to empathize with this greed felt by Monkey.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All people fight with human nature to alter the natural phenomenon that occurs in life. In comparison, Monkey struggles to alter nature by demanding immortality. H...

Mencius

1. What social structure does Mencius envision for the ideal society? Who should be in charge? Does he favor choosing officials based on ascriptive status (i. e. their aristocratic pedigree) or does he believe in using meritocratic criteria for selecting officials? Is he egalitarian, or does he favor maintenance of a social hierarchy? Mencius developed a very early form of what was to be called in modern times the â€Å"social contract. Mencius, like Confucius, believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people they rule. Unlike Confucius, Mencius believed that if a ruler failed to bring peace and order about, then the people could be absolved of all loyalty to that ruler and could, if they felt strongly enough about the matter, revolt. 2. What makes a state successful in Mencius’ eyes? Does he esteem conquest and military might? Economic power? Religious or moral force? What does a ruler need to do to make his state successful? What happens to bad rulers? (Mencius' argument that unjust rulers may be overthrown) Does Mencius esteem the creation of a unified empire, and if so, how should one go about unifying China? Mencius emphasized the significance of the common citizens in the state. While Confucianism generally regards rulers highly, he argued that it is acceptable for the subjects to overthrow or even kill a ruler who ignores the people's needs and rules harshly. This is because a ruler who does not rule justly is no longer a true ruler. What are the hallmarks of a moral society in Mencius’ way of thinking? How should wealth be distributed? What kinds of lives should people lead? What outward signs indicate that a society is good, and what are the symptoms of emerging social problems? 4. What is the role of education in Mencius’ ideal society? Should education focus on practical training? Ritual knowledge? Moral cultivation? Who ought to be educated? According to Mencius, education must awaken the innate abilities of the human mind. He denounced memorization and advocated active interrogation of the text, saying, â€Å"One who believes all of a book would be better off without books. † One should check for internal consistency by comparing sections and debate the probability of factual accounts by comparing them with experience. 5. Explain the following ideas according to Mencius: gentleman, mandate of Heaven, filial piety, the (Doctrine of the) Mean, the Five Relationships, benevolence, the innate goodness of humankind. Mencius 1. What social structure does Mencius envision for the ideal society? Who should be in charge? Does he favor choosing officials based on ascriptive status (i. e. their aristocratic pedigree) or does he believe in using meritocratic criteria for selecting officials? Is he egalitarian, or does he favor maintenance of a social hierarchy? Mencius developed a very early form of what was to be called in modern times the â€Å"social contract. Mencius, like Confucius, believed that rulers were divinely placed in order to guarantee peace and order among the people they rule. Unlike Confucius, Mencius believed that if a ruler failed to bring peace and order about, then the people could be absolved of all loyalty to that ruler and could, if they felt strongly enough about the matter, revolt. 2. What makes a state successful in Mencius’ eyes? Does he esteem conquest and military might? Economic power? Religious or moral force? What does a ruler need to do to make his state successful? What happens to bad rulers? (Mencius' argument that unjust rulers may be overthrown) Does Mencius esteem the creation of a unified empire, and if so, how should one go about unifying China? Mencius emphasized the significance of the common citizens in the state. While Confucianism generally regards rulers highly, he argued that it is acceptable for the subjects to overthrow or even kill a ruler who ignores the people's needs and rules harshly. This is because a ruler who does not rule justly is no longer a true ruler. What are the hallmarks of a moral society in Mencius’ way of thinking? How should wealth be distributed? What kinds of lives should people lead? What outward signs indicate that a society is good, and what are the symptoms of emerging social problems? 4. What is the role of education in Mencius’ ideal society? Should education focus on practical training? Ritual knowledge? Moral cultivation? Who ought to be educated? According to Mencius, education must awaken the innate abilities of the human mind. He denounced memorization and advocated active interrogation of the text, saying, â€Å"One who believes all of a book would be better off without books. † One should check for internal consistency by comparing sections and debate the probability of factual accounts by comparing them with experience. 5. Explain the following ideas according to Mencius: gentleman, mandate of Heaven, filial piety, the (Doctrine of the) Mean, the Five Relationships, benevolence, the innate goodness of humankind.

How to Create an Elegant Wedding Invitation

How to Create an Elegant Wedding Invitation As a designer, wedding invitations are some of the most fun projects I get to work on. Theres something incredible about creating something thats one-of-a-kind and tailor-made to a couples personalities and style- not to mention that the invite itself becomes a keepsake for the couple even after the wedding is over.Because of the creative freedom that wedding invitations allow, its easy to get overwhelmed by all the style and production choices. Whether youre a designer working for a client or youre creating invitations for your own wedding, here are a few tips that can help take your invitations to the next level and create a polished, beautiful visual experience for guests. While making creative choices for your invitation, its important to keep in mind the style of the wedding and personalities of the couple in order to design something that truly represents them and feels appropriate for the event. This can be a great source of inspiration for you as you begin designing. Its also important to consider a couples budget before beginning so you dont present them with options they cant afford. With a little creative thinking, distinct and beautiful invitations can be created on any budget.SizeOne thing that can help your invitation stand out is considering a unique size for your invitation. While a standard 5x7 invite feels traditional and formal, a different proportion can create a custom feel. A smaller invite has an intimate feel, while a larger one can feel grandiose. Play with the proportions and orientation as well- try a tall and skinny shape or flip the invite to be landscape instead of portrait. Another option to consider is a square, circular, or die-cut shaped invite. However, keep practicality in mind–too small and your invite might not have enough room for legible information, and too large or uniquely-shaped and it might be challenging or expensive to package.TypographyWhen choosing the typeface for your invitation, think about how formal y ou want the invitation to appear and the overall impression you want guests to get from the invitation. Using a formal script font for the names of the couple is a great way to make the invite traditional and elegant. These fonts generally use thinner and more intricate strokes, and they work well with ornate graphics and imagery. Casual script fonts more closely resemble actual handwriting and can give a personal, laid-back appearance to your invite. Their heavier brushstrokes make them more modern-looking than formal scripts.Serif fonts also feel traditional and classic, and when printed are some of the most easy-to-read typefaces, making them ideal for the supporting body copy on your invite and invitation materials. Sans serifs feel modern, clean, and classy, and they work great both for headers and body copy.When choosing font pairings, its best to stick with fonts that contrast with each other to create a sense of balance and harmony. Avoid using scripts for anything except ti tles and headers, as these can be difficult to read at small sizes.If youre on a budget, it can be difficult to find quality typefaces for free or little cost, so below Ive outlined a few good choices that are completely free to use. Font Squirrel is a great resource to find quality fonts for free.Heres some free fonts that would look great in a wedding invitation.Unique imageryTo make an invite truly feel like it was custom-designed, consider creating custom visual elements or illustrations. This will make the invite feel personal and considered, and your client will probably appreciate the extra touch. A custom or unique illustration avoids making the invite look like it was created from a pre-designed template.If youre not an illustrator, another route is finding quality illustrations that you can repurpose to create a one-of-a-kind invite. The Graphics Fairy is a great online resource for free, public domain images including flourishes, floral accents, and page dividers. Or, con sider creating minimal, geometric graphic elements for a polished and clean look which pairs great with a sans serif font.Paper stockThere are lots of options when it comes to choosing the type of paper you print your invites on, even if youre on a budget. Paper with a matte finish feels classic and minimal, while textured paper can elevate your design and has a more artistic, handmade feel. Shimmer paper or other types of lustrous, semi-gloss papers create an upscale and luminous feel. Cotton or fabric-based papers are warm and approachable. Thinner paper stocks feel delicate, while thicker stocks feel substantial and considered.Along with weight choices, paper stock also comes in different variations of white and ivory. A bright white paper feels fresh and modern, while ivory or off-white feels traditional and antique. You could also use brown kraft paper for a rustic vibe or colored cardstock for a fun pop of color. Overlaying your invite with a translucent vellum paper is an eas y way to create both elegance and visual interest.If youre not sure how a certain paper will look or feel, dont hesitate to ask your printer to send you paper samples- many common printing sites online offer this option for free on their websites. Making guesses about a paper stock without samples or a physical proof can lead to extra costs and time spent if the paper isnt what you expected. This also makes the choice easier for your client if they can see and touch the paper before buying.ProductionThere are a variety of different finishing techniques that can elevate your design and give it a premium feel. Letterpress invitations add dimension and texture. Currently, letterpress is a very popular option for printed pieces like invitations and involves making impressions on paper to create a raised surface out of lettering or design elements. Foil-stamping, another popular technique, is a great way to add metallic shine to your invite, and it is usually available in a variety of go ld, silver, and bronze tones which can be applied to any part of the design. A great way to create an intricate feel is having edges or elements of your invitation laser-cut into lace or floral-like patterns.Finishing options like the ones listed above can be costly, but there are several less expensive ways to add interest to your invite. Simply rounding the corners of an invite can help it feel softer and more custom-made. Printing a pattern or solid color on the blank side of your invite is also a great added detail. Instead of having your invite be a flat piece of paper, you could consider a folded card for your invite. Tri-fold designs are a popular option right now, and a bonus aspect of this design is it allows extra room for other photos and graphics to be added. Folded cards can add an element of anticipation as a guest opens and unfolds the invitation, and they also work well to contain other pieces that go along with the invite, like RSVP cards and maps to the reception.A s with paper stocks, talk to your printer to see what finishing options they have available and how much they cost. If youre crafty and have the time, DIY can also be an option to cut production costs- foil stamping kits, corner rounders and punches, and paper scoring tools can help you achieve your desired effect without spending a lot of money.Invitation suitesOne of the best ways to make your invitations feel professional is to create a cohesive package of all the different printed pieces for the wedding that all use the same design elements. Think save the dates, envelopes, RSVP cards, reception maps, programs, menus, place cards, and thank you cards. Having all these different pieces feel cohesive is an ideal way to reinforce the wedding theme through a guests entire experience, and itll save your clients time and hassle because they wont have to design every piece separately.PackagingFinally, consider the way your invitation will be packaged and sent to a guest. To secure the contents of the invitation together, consider using elements like belly bands, ribbons, twine, or lace to add a handmade touch and to allow the guest to easily pull the whole stack out at once. Custom envelopes that match the design are an easy and relatively inexpensive way to package everything up, but if your budget allows, sending your invites in a small or shallow box can really make an impression. For the address labels, printing or stamping the text directly onto the envelope or package looks professional, but handwriting adds a personal touch that your guests may appreciate. To seal your envelope, design a custom sticker with the couples initials or use a wax seal. Packaging is a great opportunity to think creatively and to try the unconventional.Overall, dont be afraid to think outside of the box for the design and production of your invitation- the right solution will make your invite stand out and be a beautiful reflection of the couples heart and character.

The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Todays Professionalism and Business-Ethics in INDIA

The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Todays Professionalism and Business-Ethics in INDIA Free Online Research Papers â€Å"unless we think of others and do something for them, we miss one of the greatest sources of happiness† – Ray Lyman Wilbur INTRODUCTION: ABOUT CSR†¦. What is CSR? Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the focused actions of a company/corporation that desires to do well while simultaneously doing good for the community, the society, the environment and/or all other aspects with respect to general human up-liftment and well-being. The World Business Council best describes it as â€Å"the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society in large.† Other terms for social responsibility include sustainability, corporate citizenship, community relations, business ethics, and cause marketing – though each focuses on a slightly different part of the business model. Industry leaders, pundits, policy makers and consumers each may have their own definition and opinion but one thing is for certain; CSR is here to stay and it should! Why CSR for corporations? There are many incentives, socially and by incentives for corporations, whether IT or others, to incorporate CSR in their working culture. On my interviews with professionals as part of this assignment, I found out that most of them had mixed feelings as to why such corporations inherit the CSR culture, with many of them indicating that companies do it more for personal image gains rather than out of generous behavior and actual consideration. Therefore with increase in the corporate resources towards CSR, higher market returns to these investments are the main driving factor apparently. I for myself do not mind that. As long as good is being done for the community as a whole, it does not matter what the actually purpose was for these steps taken. In terms of benefits for the company, there are many: Such as enhanced ‘brand image’ with regards to trust and reputation new customers and development of a strong relationship with consumers. better ability to attract and motivate talented workforce. Availability of new resources by influencing key stakeholders – such as investors and policy makers. On the other hand, these days, there are various negativities with companies that do not incorporate CSR: unfavorable public opinion and increased reputation risk (which mite lead to decreased shareholder value and diminished stock price) Increased litigation and related legal costs on various social and environmental issues. Decreased customer loyalty, loss of customers and/or stakeholder support due to the negative publicity garnered. Why should India care? We live in a developing nation, and we, as young working class members of the society, should be aware of the role we can play in the development of our nation. It is our responsibility that we make sure that the benefits that our generation reaps are equally distributed amongst all strata of society. Hence it is very important for us to know what CSR is and what role we can play in it. This is because under the initiatives of our respective companies, we can make large impacts and make changes for the benefit of our people. There is a part for every individual in an organization to enact a role in corporate social responsibility, since a corporation is made up of us individuals. It always has to be collective, combined efforts by all the people involved to play their part in this endeavor so that it develops into a concrete work of action. Singleton steps in isolation cannot make a huge difference to the society in general. CSR should be more than just doing ‘something good, it should rather be about making a sustainable social impact. Nobel prize winner, Mr Muhammad Yunus in a lecture he gave in Boston University, touched on the point, apart from various other discussions, the shortcoming of a single dollar (in our case a rupee) placed in charity by saying that it only has a single life cycle, i.e., it does not use itself. Drawing from this idea, I believe that as yet-to-be working class professionals, CSR for us should be aimed such that a single unit currency has multiple lives. That means that it should be invested in such a way that it gives you an outcome, which in turn is actually another unit itself, so that it keeps on recycling itself. For a simple example, a single rupee helped in creating jobs in turn helps raise money. The role CSR plays in the larger picture of social development: CSR is an important tool amongst various other methods and initiatives of social development. As we know that in our country especially, the divide between the rich and the poor is reaching alarming proportions. Let’s take a single case of elevating people out of the poverty line. A non-humanitarian might ask what good comes out of doing that. There are plenty of reasons in involved if one asks. Peace, for instance is one of them as it is generally dependant on the level of poverty. Peace is an indicator of national prosperity and stability which affects all. Reduced Corruption, reversal of vote-bank politics, increase in government accountability and more similar affects are all natural outcomes that evolve out of a wholesome society and CSR plays an important role in achieving this minimum social status for all. A FIELD SURVEY:- The field survey consisted of discussions with professionals on their knowledge and their point of view regarding CSR. The reason for this exercise was to ascertain the ground realities that would help us understand the extent of the gap that exists in actual implementation of CSR models and activities. I asked a few basic questions and came to a general conclusion based on the majority of similar replies that I received. Most of my interaction was done verbally with a few written replies. A major chunk of professionals I asked work in the IT industry, but the list also included people form other fields. What is Corporate Social Responsibility? Are you aware of any initiatives of your company? The replies I received out of this question were straight forward and pretty much to the mark as the term CSR is self defining. However on further discussion, barring a couple of professionals, and non form the IT field, were aware of the workings of any CSR projects or initiatives undertaken by their respective companies. Some even thought of it as a term NGO’s undertake. Is CSR a corporate issue at all? (Only Government should concern with it or that it is a NGO sphere) This was a resounding yes. Most of the respondents felt that it was a corporate issue and that every company had a responsibility to give something back to the society and that they had the means to do so. Many were skeptical of the role government plays and believed private sector work would give a better outcome than that of a public sector initiative. Does it involve us? In what way? This was a tricky question, not that it was a difficult thought provoking one, but one that made all of the respondents guilty. All of them felt that it was every individual’s responsibility to do something, but they themselves have not done anything as of this time. Do active corporations have hidden motives? Most professionals did not think that corporations these days had a money making scheme. They rather thought of it as an image building exercise. Most did not have problem with that as long as firms were not show-boating and there was some actual groundwork being done for the development of the society. However, nobody had the knowledge whether their companies had made any concrete progress in society or environmentally, etc. The major challenge you would like to undertake/be undertaken? I had to change this question from ‘what have you’ to ‘what would you have done’ because of obvious reasons. The two major issues that came out of this were that of poverty elevation and education. Should their be laws? Most did not think it was a good idea to force corporations into undertaking CSR initiatives by the way of laws. They believed that it would not be and should not be possible in a capitalistic free market environment. On the contrary a couple of female respondents felt that certain laws could help us in making sure that companies that do undertake these steps do it for something concrete and not for hallow publicity. Conclusions drawn from the field survey: Out of these responses, I draw an image of today’s professional as a person who is supremely busy with his job, and not with living his life. Most of them were idealistic enough in their thought process, like in saying that they would prefer actual work to publicity stunts but they did not know if that was true for their own companies. That sums up today’s young professional for me, all right in their ideas but wrong in their priorities. Most did not have any theoretical knowledge of CSR and what all it encompasses. They did not know of the facts or the long term reasons as to why CSR is important to the society as a large. Not many were active or had the time to spare for these initiatives but some had helped and were willing to help monetarily. CONCLUSION CSR is an important tool for a developing economy to ensure that the growth is evenly distributed amongst all. By helping to increase the quality of living of our society as a whole, entails many positives as mentioned in the introduction of this paper. CSR for me should be looked as generational steps taken with an eye not only for the present but also for the future. What that means is that by helping this generation of people in need and suffering, by helping them stand on their feet, we make sure that the generation that follows them has all the opportunities of further development. For instance, by giving an unemployed women a chance to have a job and a stable earning through a CSR initiative, we are making sure that her children step up in their quality of living and maybe have the same opportunities of becoming whatever they want in colleges like ours. This will build our middle class to tremendous proportions. Think of the consumer clout and the economic boom, if instead of around 300million, we have a 600 million strong middle class in our country in the coming generation, thus paving way for us to leave behind the ‘developing nation’ tag. As IT professionals, our part in this endeavor could be to focus on using IT, our core competence, to create opportunities for our society. There are many IT initiatives that we might take, for instance: make an impact in the spread of education through IT help create a more digitally inclusive society by providing digital literacy and access to relevant information, thereby, improving the qualities of lives of communities. ‘Developing (and communicating) a comprehensive CSR strategy takes time, commitment, focus, and designated people and financial resources. It requires commitment from the executive offices on down to every individual department and staff position and should be made part of the corporate DNA’. In conclusion, I would say that Corporate Social Responsibility should be taken not only at a corporate or an IT level, but also as a study programs in school and colleges so that future professionals are well aware of the importance that they can make in our society and have the knowledge and tools along with new ideas to achieve their social purposes. REFRENCES Dr Sanjeev Verma, Rohit Chauhan (2007), ‘Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Economies’, International Marketing Conference on Marketing and Society Jeremy Moon (2004), ‘Government as a driver of Corporate Social Responsibility’, ICCSR Research Paper Series. Kerry Peyton,, ‘CSR: Who needs it’, www.cbsr.bc.ca http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_Social_Responsibility bu.edu/phpbin/buniverse/videos/view/?id=129 consciouscomm.com/why.htm Dr James Harris, Dr Maeve Cummings, Dr Christine Fogliasso (2001), CCSC: Central Plains Conference. Christopher M Hoadley, Peter G Kilner, ‘Using Technology to transform communities of practice into knowledge-building communities, SIGGROUP Bulletin, Volume 25 Number 1. 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Anything Goes is a bad policy technology and Society Essay

Anything Goes is a bad policy technology and Society - Essay Example The problems of technology are then considered through use of 'Resistentialism'. Turning from that to the question of whether we adapt technology, or if it adapts our needs, the study will also consider if technology is truly neutral, and therefore the responsibility for good and evil outcomes lies within the human being using and developing this technology. After discussing all these factors, the essay will conclude by considering whether this subject is to be feared, utilized, or ignored in order to achieve the best for society. Science fiction has produced some of the most influential books of the last century, many of them written in the period between the end of the Victorian era and the beginning of the Cold War. These stories, such as Fahrenheit 451, or 1984 are often dystopian in setting and outcome, with technological advancements used by negative forces. C M Kornbluth's A Little Black Bag ends tragically, as the hero is destroyed by other's greed, and a technology that should have been beneficial to society at large is eliminated. In those stories, human evil is responsible for manipulating the essentially neutral technology (In Kornbluth's tale, it is used for good by the doctor who redeems himself, and it is his assistant's inability to see any use for the technology except as a money-spinner which causes the tragedy [Kornbluth A Little Black Bag]). However, overuse of technology, also increases in human ignorance. Asimov's The Feeling of Power depicts a future where people cannot do mathematics a ny more due to their reliance upon technology; even the most basic thought processes are troublesome to people dependant upon computers and machines. Later fictions, such as the Cyberpunk movement, have been more ambivalent about technology: Neuromancer depicts a future in which technology gets more and More amazing, without having any effect on the world's Problems. (Jones, 92) Certainly Neuromancer is not a utopian version of the future, but in the novel, society cannot function without technology, whether it is the official social structures, such as businesses or those in the underworld and black markets. This may be a reflection of the current state of western society, where we cannot imagine a future in which technology does not play a major part. Any discussion of the role of technology in society must consider what exactly is meant by the term 'technology'. Usually, when this word is used, in phrases such as 'IT' (information technology), it refers to the mechanical and electronic systems

Environment and Society of US & Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environment and Society of US & Canada - Essay Example When in the mid 19th century, western Canadian economy hit a low; immigrations were encouraged from England and Scotland. Consequently, the area was beginning to be occupied with agricultural lands, commercial towns. Several canal systems, railway networks were developed, streetcar tracks were laid, textile industry was expanded and the lumber industry was set up (Troper 2013). Similarly, the first Nations people, Hurons had used the St Lawrence lowland areas for agriculture, but they were the immigrants who put up the orchards and farms in the area and today those orchards of apples etc and vineyards are a source of profitable businesses in the region (Canada: Making connections  (n.d.). The low lying states of New England and Canadian Maritimes had started off as colonies where fishing and agriculture was practiced, but soon European immigrants flooded in since small industries had started. The immigrants contributed to a highly skilled labor and today Southern New England stands as stable economic region where several developments have been made, like areas have been developed for tourism and recreation, ski resorts have been made and the coast has undergone developments to serve a good spot for vacationing (North America. (n.d.). The immigrants have played a vital part in shaping the population of Canada. It is responsible for about 2/3rd of population growth that took place between 2001and 2006. The immigrants settle in major cities like Toronto and Montreal, adding to the workforce and also creating a demand for goods and services. These demands are integral for promoting growth in these regions. The immigrants moving into Canada may have moved in to find better job opportunities or lifestyle etc; their activities did help the region to flourish but their presence in the country could have effects which are not favorable to the country ultimately. For example, the immigrant